Highlights
Highest typical pay
Healthcare Management & Hospital Administration€27,100Culinary Arts & Food Service Management€26,700Civil & Structural Engineering€26,100Electrical & Electronic Engineering€26,000Telecommunication Engineering€26,000All 143 fields
Typical pay for the jobs each field leads to, and projected job growth to 2035. Tap a field for the full picture.
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Engineering & technology16 fields
Aerospace Engineering€25,400Growth +36.3%Biomedical Engineering€24,300Growth +36.1%Chemical Engineering€24,700Growth +36.6%Civil & Structural Engineering€26,100Growth +27.6%Electrical & Electronic Engineering€26,000Growth +35.7%Energy & Power Engineering€25,100Growth +37.5%Engineering & Technology Management€25,500Growth +32.7%General Engineering€24,400Growth +36%Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering€25,800Growth +30.8%Mechanical Engineering€25,200Growth +36.6%Mining & Petroleum Engineering€24,500Growth +36.6%Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials€24,700Growth +36.6%Nuclear Engineering€24,800Growth +34%Robotics & Automation€25,300Growth +34.9%Telecommunication Engineering€26,000Growth +34.4%Transportation & Logistics Engineering€25,500Growth +23.1%Public health & allied health16 fields
Allied Health & Therapy (general)€23,000Growth +16.1%Anatomy & Physiology€22,000Growth +29.3%Audiology€23,300Growth +17.5%Global Health & International Development€22,900Growth +28.9%Health Informatics & Digital Health€25,400Growth +30.9%Mental Health & Counselling€20,400Growth +22.6%Nursing & Midwifery€23,100Growth +11.3%Nutrition & Dietetics€23,100Growth +19.9%Occupational Therapy€23,500Growth +15%Optometry & Vision Sciences€22,800Growth +16.5%Paramedic Science€21,100Growth +10.5%Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation€23,700Growth +14.6%Public Health & Epidemiology€23,100Growth +22.6%Radiography & Medical Imaging€23,400Growth +15.3%Speech & Language Therapy€23,000Growth +16.4%Sports Science & Exercise Science€20,300Growth +18.3%Business & management14 fields
Business Analytics€24,400Growth +33.8%Digital Business & E-Commerce€24,300Growth +34.9%Entrepreneurship & Innovation€24,900Growth +36.9%Fashion Business & Luxury Brand Management€24,900Growth +30.4%Healthcare Management & Hospital Administration€27,100Growth +21%Human Resource Management€25,400Growth +31.5%International Business€25,200Growth +32%Marketing & Communications€25,100Growth +38.4%MBA & General Management€25,300Growth +32.4%Media Management & Digital Transformation€23,800Growth +37%Real Estate & Property Management€22,500Growth +20.4%Sports Management€25,000Growth +22.9%Strategy & Consulting€24,200Growth +42.9%Supply Chain & Operations Management€25,800Growth +15.7%Arts, design & creative studies11 fields
Animation & Visual Effects€22,800Growth +33%Architecture & Built Environment€23,000Growth +34.9%Film & Media Production€20,200Growth +22.6%Fine Art & Visual Arts€20,000Growth +26.7%Graphic Design & Illustration€23,500Growth +38.8%History of Art€19,300Growth +21.9%Interior Design & Spatial Design€22,000Growth +27.7%Music€19,400Growth +17.8%Performing Arts & Drama€19,700Growth +22.6%Product & Industrial Design€23,600Growth +38.3%Textile, Costume & Apparel Design€23,200Growth +31.2%Computer science & data technology10 fields
Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning€25,100Growth +32.4%Bioinformatics & Computational Biology€23,800Growth +34.8%Computer Networks & Systems€25,200Growth +27.4%Computer Science€25,200Growth +30.8%Cybersecurity€25,100Growth +30.8%Data Engineering & Cloud Computing€25,000Growth +28.9%Data Science & Analytics€25,100Growth +34.6%Human-Computer Interaction & UX€24,500Growth +32%Information Systems & Management€24,900Growth +34%Software Engineering€25,200Growth +30.8%Humanities & languages10 fields
Anthropology€20,700Growth +27.9%Archaeology€19,700Growth +24.3%Creative Writing€20,200Growth +24%History€19,900Growth +27.4%Journalism & Media Studies€22,100Growth +34.7%Linguistics€19,700Growth +20.9%Literature€21,000Growth +28.2%Modern Languages€20,400Growth +25.9%Philosophy & Ethics€21,700Growth +31.5%Theology & Religious Studies€19,800Growth +21.3%Education & teaching9 fields
Early Childhood Education€19,900Growth +15.6%Education Policy€20,700Growth +28.9%Education Studies€21,000Growth +16.7%Educational Leadership & Management€24,600Growth +11.7%Higher Education Management€23,200Growth +26.5%Library & Information Science€18,900Growth +24.7%Special & Inclusive Education€18,600Growth +20.9%Teacher Training & Pedagogy€20,900Growth +13.2%TESOL & Language Education€20,300Growth +14.7%Life sciences & biotechnology9 fields
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology€22,600Growth +32.9%Biological Sciences€22,200Growth +34%Biotechnology & Bioengineering€23,400Growth +33%Evolutionary & Developmental Biology€21,500Growth +34.5%Genetics & Genomics€22,800Growth +30.4%Marine Biology & Aquatic Sciences€21,800Growth +37.2%Microbiology & Immunology€22,400Growth +30.3%Neuroscience€21,400Growth +30.3%Plant & Animal Sciences€21,700Growth +37.1%Environment, sustainability & agriculture8 fields
Agriculture & Forestry€22,200Growth +31.6%Ecology & Earth Systems€21,900Growth +35.6%Environmental Management & Policy€21,900Growth +37.7%Environmental Sciences€22,000Growth +36.6%Food Science & Technology€24,700Growth +30.8%Renewable Energy & Clean Technology€24,200Growth +37.4%Sustainable Development & Climate Change€23,100Growth +36.7%Water & Environmental Engineering€23,400Growth +36.6%Medicine & clinical health7 fields
Biomedical Sciences€22,500Growth +29.5%Clinical Specialisations€24,300Growth +10.7%Dentistry & Oral Health€23,200Growth +15.9%Medical Research & Translational Medicine€22,700Growth +28.5%Medicine & Surgery€24,100Growth +15.7%Pharmacy & Pharmacology€23,500Growth +26.7%Veterinary Science€24,500Growth +19.4%Natural sciences7 fields
Chemistry€24,600Growth +31.8%Earth & Geological Sciences€23,500Growth +36.8%Materials Science€25,100Growth +36.6%Mathematics€25,200Growth +37.2%Oceanography & Marine Sciences€22,500Growth +36.6%Physics & Astronomy€24,100Growth +34.9%Statistics & Operations Research€25,100Growth +33.8%Social sciences7 fields
Criminology & Criminal Justice€21,500Growth +26.3%Development & Area Studies€23,100Growth +38.6%Gender, Diversity & Cultural Studies€22,100Growth +32.5%Geography€22,600Growth +36.8%Social Policy & Social Work€21,600Growth +25.4%Sociology€21,100Growth +28%Urban Planning & Policy€23,100Growth +34%Economics, finance & accounting6 fields
Accounting & Auditing€24,800Growth +40.3%Actuarial Science€25,500Growth +39.3%Corporate Finance & Financial Management€25,500Growth +38.3%Economics€23,200Growth +36.8%Fintech & Financial Technology€24,800Growth +40.7%Investment & Risk Management€25,100Growth +43.2%Law, politics & governance6 fields
Corporate & Commercial Law€22,200Growth +28.8%International Law & Human Rights€23,400Growth +28.8%International Relations & Diplomacy€22,700Growth +38.4%Law€22,900Growth +26.8%Political Science€23,500Growth +38.7%Public Policy & Administration€23,800Growth +38.1%Psychology5 fields
Clinical & Counselling Psychology€20,200Growth +22.8%Educational Psychology€19,800Growth +22.6%Forensic & Criminal Psychology€20,200Growth +24.5%Occupational & Organisational Psychology€23,800Growth +34.6%Psychology — General & Research€20,600Growth +24.1%Hospitality, tourism & service industry2 fields
Culinary Arts & Food Service Management€26,700Growth +25.9%Hospitality & Tourism Management€24,400Growth +24.3%Typical pay: AlmaLaurea — Professioni: retribuzione mensile netta dei laureati occupati nella professione, a cinque anni dal titolo; ISCO-08 figures calculated by UNIFER (Consorzio Interuniversitario AlmaLaurea, AlmaLaurea: reproduction permitted for non-commercial purposes with the source cited). Growth: Cedefop Skills Forecast — future employment growth by occupation group, Italy, 2022–2035 (European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop), Cedefop: reuse with acknowledgement of the source (CC BY 4.0)). Planned hires: Sistema Informativo Excelsior — banca dati professioni, entrate programmate (Unioncamere – Ministero del Lavoro); ISCO-08 figures calculated by UNIFER (Unioncamere – Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali, Sistema Informativo Excelsior, CC BY 4.0 (Excelsior)). Updated 2 November 2026.